📌 这节课讲了什么
这节课只做一件事:把听力选择题听成一段「有主干、有提示词」的话,而不是听成一堆单词。
材料是剑桥雅思 18 Test 1 Part 2 —— Becoming a volunteer for ACE(11–20 题),里面有单选(11–13)、多选(14–15)、配对(16–20)三种题型。
板书立的方法叫听录音五步:
1. 听主干 动词 2. 听主干 动词 后面的动词 3. 听 添加词(动词之间的提示词) 4. 确定好 主宾 5. 复述
配套的战术是排除法 —— 尤其是多选题,板书连写了三个感叹号:
尤其是多选题 注意注意 听 but → 一定会有转折词
课上还留了一句很关键的自我诊断:
看着题去听 老师我能全对 但掩盖了一个事实 ／ 故事复述出来 ✅
意思是:盯着题选对了,不等于听懂了。真正的标准是能不能把这段话复述出来。
🧱 方法:听录音五步
板书把「听」拆成五个动作,顺序照做:
| 步骤 | 动作 | 听什么 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 听主干动词 | 先抓住主句的谓语动词 |
| 2 | 听主干动词后面的动词 | 第一个动词后面还跟着什么动作 |
| 3 | 听添加词(动词之间的提示词) | 两个动词中间那几个小词 |
| 4 | 确定好主宾 | 谁做了这件事,对象是谁 |
| 5 | 复述 | 用嘴把这话重说一遍 |
板书当场做的示范
第 1–2 步 —— 板书把「听出来的主干动词」逐个记了下来:
ask ／ dont worry ／ have ／ is ／ is ／ may think ／ dont ask ／ is ／ is ／ earns ／ give
第 3 步 —— 板书把「添加词」单独列了出来:
to consider ／ before ／ to decide ／ to apply
第 4 步 —— 把主干动词和添加词串起来,就是在录音里真正听到的那句话(见下节)。板书在中间还画了一条横线,写着「加东西」—— 提示词就是往句子里「加」的那点东西。
🔁 原貌:板书誊写的录音原文
板书把录音里的话按原貌抄了下来,这是这节课的听力坐标:
ask 请求, to consider a couple of important issues before you decide to apply for voluntary work
这一句里有三个不定式,正好对应板书的「添加词」三件套:
| 成分 | 在句子里 | 作用 |
|---|---|---|
| 主干动词 | ask | 请求 |
| 添加词 1 | to consider | 请求去「考虑」什么 |
| 添加词 2 | before you decide | 什么时候考虑 |
| 添加词 3 | to apply for voluntary work | 决定去做什么 |
其他几段原貌:
you may think that your income is important, but we don't ask about that.
板书旁注:收入 ／ 收入 不重要it is critical that you have enough hours available.
板书旁注:至关重要的being a volunteer becomes stressful → then it is best to give up ／ not to do it at all.
板书旁注:如果做志愿者压力,那就别干了.reasons that range from doing … getting work experience to just doing sth they've always …
板书旁注:工作经验 为了志愿者而做
🎯 排除法:14–15 题怎么选出来的
题目:
Which TWO issues does the speaker ask the audience to consider before they apply to be volunteers?
A their financial situation ／ B their level of commitment ／ C their work experience ／ D their ambition ／ E their availability
板书在题干上标了三处:
ask sb ／ to do ／ 考虑. ／ 前 - apply 申请
板书现场排除的过程
A their financial situation —— 被明确排除。
板书记下了录音里的转折:
you may think that your income is important, but we don't ask about that.
旁注:收入 不重要 ／ 你觉得要不要做
也就是说,收入这件事录音主动说明它不在提问范围内 —— 听到这种「提到又否定」的句子,就是出题人埋的坑。
B their level of commitment —— 选中。
板书把 B · their level of commitment 单独框出来,做了释义和发音(见下面的词汇与发音两节)。
E their availability —— 选中。
板书记下了录音的依据句:
it is critical that you have enough hours available.
旁注:至关重要的 ／ you have enough hours
板书并对这句话做了两种写法的对照:
That you have enough hours is critical.
it is critical that you have enough hours
板书在其中一句下面标了 That (you have enough hours) —— 主语从句被提到句首时用 that 引导,放到句尾时用 it 当形式主语。
官方答案
11 C ／ 12 A ／ 13 A ／ 14 & 15 B、E(顺序不限)／ 16 B ／ 17 G ／ 18 D ／ 19 A ／ 20 F
真题出处:剑桥雅思 18 Test 1 Part 2。板书在 11 题上圈了 C,与官方答案一致。
📝 这节课练的题:剑18 Test 1 Part 2(11–20)
一、单选 11–13
| 题号 | 题干 | 选项 | 官方答案 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Why does the speaker apologise about the seats? | A They are too small. / B There are not enough of them. / C Some of them are very close together. | C |
| 12 | What does the speaker say about the age of volunteers? | A The age of volunteers is less important than other factors. / B Young volunteers are less reliable than older ones. / C Most volunteers are about 60 years old. | A |
| 13 | What does the speaker say about training? | A It is continuous. / B It is conducted by a manager. / C It takes place online. | A |
板书在 12 题旁边画了一个叉,并圈出一句自我提醒:
听不完对话 没听完整
箭头指向:
动词 → 听完 → 原貌 → 根据原貌 去找 → 去比对 → 12 题 abc
这就是第 12 题的做法:不是靠印象选,是听完之后拿原貌回题目里比对 A、B、C 三个选项。
二、多选 14–15
B their level of commitment + E their availability(顺序不限)。排除过程见上一节。
三、配对 16–20
题目:
What does the speaker suggest would be helpful for each of the following areas of voluntary work?
Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A–G, next to Questions 16–20.
可选框:
| 字母 | 内容 |
|---|---|
| A | experience on stage |
| B | original, new ideas |
| C | parenting skills |
| D | an understanding of food and diet |
| E | retail experience |
| F | a good memory |
| G | a good level of fitness |
匹配结果(官方答案):
| 题号 | Area of voluntary work | 官方答案 |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | Fundraising | B original, new ideas |
| 17 | Litter collection | G a good level of fitness |
| 18 | 'Playmates' | D an understanding of food and diet |
| 19 | Story club | A experience on stage |
| 20 | First aid | F a good memory |
🔊 发音要点
that 的四步
板书用第 1 课的四步逻辑又走了一遍 that:
1 th ／ 2 胸腔 ／ 3 元音 a ／ 4 落点 t
第 3 步的元音 a 要咧嘴;第 4 步的落点在 t。
commitment 的三个元音
板书把 commitment 拆成三段:
k呃 ／ comm ／ it ／ ment
并列出三个元音的嘴型:
| 音标 | 例词 | 嘴型(板书) |
|---|---|---|
| e | egg | 咧嘴 |
| i | sit | 舌身微微隆起 |
| ə | about | 下巴放下 |
板书在下面又补了一遍重音节的读法:k呃 comm ／ k呃m。
📖 词汇与表达
| 英文 | 中文 | 搭配 / 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| apologise about sth | 为……道歉 | apologise about the seats |
| financial situation | 经济状况 | finance 是「金融」;financial 是「财政的」 |
| income | 收入 | 板书旁注「收入 不重要」 |
| commitment | 忠诚;奉献;投入;承诺 | 板书给了四个中文;what's your commitment this week? |
| availability | 可用时间;能否到场 | 由 available 变化而来 |
| ability | 能力 | 板书特意和 availability 并排写,提醒别混 |
| be up to you | 你来决定;你说了算 | it is up to you |
| earn money | 挣钱 | without earning money(不挣钱) |
| give sth to sth | 把……给…… | give it to me. |
| critical | 至关重要的 | it is critical that … |
| stressful | 有压力的 | being a volunteer becomes stressful |
| give up | 放弃 | it is best to give up / not to do it at all |
| voluntary work | 志愿工作 | apply for voluntary work |
| volunteer | 志愿者;自愿做 | becoming a volunteer |
| loyal | 忠诚的 | 板书写作 loyal vol.,指「忠诚的志愿者」 |
| full energy | 全部的精力 | give their full energy to the work |
| fundraising | 筹款 | 16 题的工作领域 |
| litter collection | 捡垃圾 | 17 题的工作领域 |
| retail experience | 零售经验 | 选项 E |
⚠️ 提醒 / 易错
- 多选题听到 but 就要竖耳朵。 板书原话:「尤其是多选题 注意注意 听 but → 一定会有转折词」。
- 「提到了」不等于「是答案」。 收入(A)被录音专门说了一句「我们不问这个」,这种被否定掉的信息恰恰是标准干扰项。
- 不要用「看着题选对」骗自己。 板书记下的自查标准是:故事能不能复述出来。选对了但复述不出来,等于没听懂。
availability≠ability。 一个说的是「有没有时间」,一个说的是「有没有能力」。板书把这两个词摆在一起,就是因为听的时候容易糊。it is critical that you have enough hours (available)—— 括号里的 available 在口语里常被弱读掉,但它就是答案所在的那个词。- 单选题做错的正确姿势:回到原貌去比对 A/B/C。 板书写的是「根据原貌 去找 去比对 12 题 abc」——靠印象选,一定会掉进同义替换的坑。
